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我国自行研制的“神舟四号”飞船于2002年12月30日凌晨在酒泉载入航天发射场由“长征二号 F”大推力运载火箭发射升空。飞船按照预定轨道,环绕地球飞行108圈,完成预定空间科学与试验任务后,于北京时间2003年元月5日19时16分在内蒙古中部预定区域准确安全返回。围绕“神舟四号”飞船的发射、运行等十个方面可编制如下的物理学科内综合能力题,可以帮助同学们强化中学物理基础知识,提高应用意识,培养分析问题、解决问题的综合能力。 1.“神舟四号”飞船的发射 例1 “神舟四号”飞船是由“长征二号 F”大推力火箭发射升空,该火箭起飞时质量m=2.02×10~6kg,起飞推力F=2.75×10~7N,火箭发射塔高h=100m,则该火箭起飞时的加速度大小为多少?在火
The self-developed Shenzhou IV spacecraft was launched into the space launch site in Jiuquan in the early morning of December 30, 2002, and was launched by the “Long March II F” large-thrust launch vehicle. In accordance with the scheduled orbit, the spacecraft flew 108 orbits around the earth and completed its scheduled space science and test mission. At 19:16, January 5, 2003, Beijing time, it accurately and safely returned to the scheduled area in central Inner Mongolia. Based on the ten aspects of launching and operation of the “Shenzhou IV” spacecraft, the following physics comprehensive competence questions can be compiled to help students strengthen the basic knowledge of middle school physics, increase their awareness of application, and develop comprehensive capabilities for problem analysis and problem solving. 1. Launch of the “Shenzhou IV” spacecraft Example 1 The “Shenzhou IV” spacecraft was launched by the “Long March II F” large thrust rocket. The mass of the rocket when it took off was m = 2.02 × 10 ~ 6 kg, and the takeoff thrust F = 2.75×10~7N, rocket launch tower height h=100m, what is the acceleration of the rocket when it takes off?