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MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are short non-coding RNAs of*22 nucleotides that play important roles in diverse biological functions including tumor adaption,survival,and metabolism homeostasis in specific tumor microenvironment,such as hypoxia and low pH.Hypoxia is a unique physiological condition during tumor development and progression,which alters a set of hypoxia-mediated miRNAs expression.These hypoxia-mediated miRNAs may exhibit either oncogenic activities or tumor-suppressive activities,mainly through the regulation of cellular pathways including hypoxia-inducible factors signaling.Acidic tumor microenvironment develops in hypoxic solid tumors due to a combination of predominant glycolytic metabolism(Warburg effect)and poor fluid clearance due to incomplete vascularization.In this review,we summarize our current understanding of the emerging roles of miRNAs in hypoxia and acidic tumor microenvironment.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs of * 22 nucleotides that play important roles in diverse biological functions including tumor adaption, survival, and metabolism homeostasis in specific tumor microenvironment, such as hypoxia and low pH. Hypoxia is a unique physiological condition during tumor development and progression, which alters a set of hypoxia-mediated miRNAs expression. These hypoxia-mediated miRNAs expression. sese through the regulation of cellular pathways including hypoxia-inducible factors signaling. Acidic tumor microenvironment development in hypoxic solid tumors due to a combination of predominant glycolytic metabolism (Warburg effect) and poor fluid clearance due to incomplete vascularization. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the emerging roles of miRNAs in hypoxia and acidic tumor microenvironment.