论文部分内容阅读
草地贪夜蛾(Spodeptera frugiperda)是一种严重危害谷物,棉花、大豆、花生等农作物的害虫。近年来发现这种害虫已对甲萘威(西维因)产生了抗性。曾有人推测这种抗性与某些行为和生理因素有关,但确切的机理一直不清楚。已知对氨基甲酸酯类的抗性涉及三个方面的因素:解毒作用和穿透排泄作用的增强以及靶部位的不敏感性。微粒体细胞色素 P_(450)依赖的单氧酶活性在家蝇的抗性产生过程中起着重要的作用;羟化酶活性增强则被认为与德国小蠊和绿桃蚜的抗性有关。有的研究表明埃及棉叶虫、德国小蠊和马铃薯甲虫的抗性是由于穿透排泄的增强;蚊子和绿稻叶蝉抗性产生的原因之一是胆硷酯酶变性而导致敏感性降低。
Spodoptera frugiperda is a pest that seriously damages crops such as grains, cotton, soybeans and peanuts. In recent years, it has been found that this pest has developed resistance to carbaryl (carbaryl). It has been speculated that this resistance is related to certain behavioral and physiological factors, but the exact mechanism has not been clear. It is known that resistance to carbamates involves three factors: enhancement of detoxification and penetration and excretion, and insensitivity of the target site. The microsomal cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase activity plays an important role in housefly resistance development. The increase of hydroxylase activity is thought to be related to the resistance of Blattella germanica and Myzus persicae. Some studies have shown that the resistance of Egyptian cotton leafworm, German cockroach and potato beetle is due to increased penetration through excretion; one of the causes of mosquito and green leafhopper resistance is the degeneration of cholinesterase resulting in reduced sensitivity .