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自启蒙运动以来普遍主义(即观念与价值具有普遍适用性)一直是欧洲思想的特征。它同时也是自由主义和社会主义的现代化话语中的一个设想,这些话语认为当社会实现现代化时,它们将共同拥有某些、通常是随着启蒙运动一起出现的价值和信仰(人权、民主、社会主义等等)。当全球化把许多现代化的假设合并起来后,某些全球化的倡导者继续相信全球化将成为一个有用的工具,致力于使与现代资本主义社会密切联系的某些观念得到普及。与此相反,本文认为全球化见证了那些被现代化交付给历史的传统重新出现。我们今天所看到的是,在“全球现代性”的背景下,出现了各种文化现代性的主张和文化分歧,它们挑战了普遍化的假设。至少在现在,全球化所创造出来的共性最好被描述为“差异中的共性”。
Universalism (ie the universal applicability of ideas and values) has been characteristic of European thought since the Enlightenment. It is also an assumption in the modern discourses of liberalism and socialism that discourse that as societies modernize they will share something, usually with the values and beliefs that emerge together with the Enlightenment (human rights, democracy, society Etc.). When globalization incorporates many modern assumptions, some of the global advocates continue to believe that globalization will be a useful tool to work to popularize certain ideas that are inextricably linked with modern capitalist society. In contrast, this article argues that globalization has witnessed the re-emergence of the traditions delivered to history by the modernized world. What we see today is that in the context of “global modernity,” various cultural modernity propositions and cultural differences have emerged that have challenged the assumption of universality. At least for now, the commonality created by globalization is best described as “commonalities in differences ”.