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目的了解2011—2012年韶关市手足口病病原体型别及分布情况,为韶关市手足口病的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法对2011年1月至2012年12月韶关市辖区内各级医疗机构及疾病预防控制中心按广东省手足口病监测方案的要求采集的手足口病患者咽拭子样本,采用实时荧光RT-PCR的方法进行肠道病毒核酸检测和型别鉴定。结果共检测样本347份,检出肠道病毒核酸阳性101份,阳性率为29.11%。其中肠道病毒71型(EV 71)阳性27份,阳性率为7.78%;柯萨奇病毒16型(CV A16)阳性31份,阳性率为8.93%;其他肠道病毒阳性43份,阳性率为12.39%。2011年病原阳性检出高峰为5—6月,共检出阳性33份(占67.35%);2012年病原阳性检出高峰为3—6月,共检出阳性48份(占92.31%)。重症及死亡病例检出病原体均为EV 71型。结论2011—2012年引起韶关市手足口病的肠道病毒有EV 71、CV A16和其他肠道病毒3个型别;流行时间主要集中在3—6月。
Objective To understand the types and distribution of pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shaoguan City from 2011 to 2012 so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shaoguan City. Methods Throat swab samples of hand, foot and mouth disease patients were collected from medical institutions and centers for disease control and prevention at all levels in Shaoguan City from January 2011 to December 2012 according to Guangdong Province HFMD monitoring program. Real-time fluorescence RT- PCR method for detection of enterovirus nucleic acid and type identification. Results A total of 347 samples were detected, and 101 positive samples of enterovirus nucleic acid were detected, the positive rate was 29.11%. The positive rate of Enterovirus 71 (EV 71) was 7.78%, that of Coxsackievirus 16 (CV A16) was positive, and the positive rate was 8.93%. The positive rate of other enterovirus was 43 As 12.39%. In 2011, the peak of pathogen positive detection was from May to June, of which 33 were positive (67.35%). In 2012, the positive detection peak was from March to June, and 48 were positive (92.31%). Severe and death cases were detected in pathogens EV 71 type. Conclusion The EV71, CV A16 and other enteroviruses of enterovirus which cause hand-foot-mouth disease in Shaoguan City from 2011 to 2012 are mainly distributed in the period from March to June.