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法国风景园林师如何用他们的专业技能来应对这个时代中“全球园林”的社会和生态挑战?他们文化的精髓是什么?他们有什么创新理念?他们在世界园林、建筑和设计活动的创意运动中扮演何种角色?对当代法国风景园林的综述[1]将为政策制定者和专业人士提供即时并有用的资源。生态学以及生态教学已经在所有项目中占据重要的地位了,从很多叫做“生态公园”或“生态社区”的新造景观命名中就可见一斑。大自然被引入城市的中心。风景园林师们的作品强烈地受到法国园林艺术和城市规划传统的滋养。风景园林项目的这种共同文化揭示出,将城市空间和园林合二为一的做法至少已有4个世纪的传统。很多人认为这是凡尔赛国立风景园林学院的影响。在21世纪初期,法国的风景园林师们正在推进来自园林设计师和城市规划师延续几代的真正传统。考察两代风景园林师的主要作品,可以发现其中的特定优点——尤其是风景园林师们在同时进行小型和大型项目,包括园林、大道和大型景观方面,显得驾轻就熟。值得关注的是,在过去几十年中,受过园林培训的设计师人数增加,而且风景园林师、城市规划师和建筑师不断融合。在多年的竞争之后,新的生态住宅项目让他们不得不共同对环境展开思考。
How can French landscape architects use their professional skills to meet the social and ecological challenges of this “global landscape”? What is the essence of their culture? What innovative ideas do they have? What are their ideas for gardens, architecture and design activities in the world? What role do creative movements play? An overview of contemporary French landscape architecture [1] will provide policymakers and professionals with instant and useful resources. Ecology and ecology teaching have played an important role in all projects, as can be seen in the naming of many new landscapes called “eco-parks” or “eco-communities.” Nature is introduced to the center of the city. Landscape architects' work is strongly nourished by the traditions of French garden art and urban planning. This common culture of landscape projects reveals that the integration of urban spaces and gardens has been tradition for at least four centuries. Many people think this is the influence of Versailles National College of Landscape Architecture. In the early 21st century, French landscape architects are pushing forward the true tradition of generations of landscape designers and urban planners. Examining the major works of two generations of landscape architects reveals some of the particular advantages - especially those of landscape architects who are adept at carrying out both small and large-scale projects, including gardens, avenues and large landscapes. It is noteworthy that in the past few decades, the number of garden-trained designers has increased, and landscape architects, urban planners and architects have been converging. After years of competition, the new eco-residential project has forced them to think collectively about the environment.