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目的 :为了解不同胎龄新生儿脑室内出血 ( IHV)自然发生率。方法 :于 1996年 7月至 9月三个月内 ,对所有出生于上海第二医科大学附属新华医院产科的 330例新生儿在生后一周内进行头颅 B超检查 ,以调查不同胎龄新生儿脑室内出血的发生率。结果 :330例新生儿的平均胎龄为 39.6± 1.9( 2 8～ 4 2 .6)周 ,出生体重为 3.36± 0 .4 9( 1.2 9～ 4 .84 ) kg。总的 IVH和严重 IVH的发生率分别为 15.8%( 52 / 330 )和 3% ( 10 / 330 )。其中早产儿分别为 76.5% ( 13/ 17)和 35.3% ( 6/ 17) ,足月儿分别为 12 .5%( 39/ 313)和 1.3% ( 4 / 313)。所有 IVH患儿均无明显的临床症状。资料显示 IVH主要发生在出生体重偏低和胎龄偏小的新生儿中。臀位分娩与 IVH的发生有统计学意义。妊高症的轻重程度似与 IVH有一定关联 ,Apgar评分亦有偏低趋势 ,但均无统计学意义。分娩期间常易发生胎儿全身血压的突然紊乱 ,或可解释正常的分娩过程也会引起 IVH的发生。结论 :本文进一步证实了所有新生儿在生后一周内均应进行头颅 B超检查的必要性
Objective: To understand the natural incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IHV) in neonates of different gestational age. Methods: From July to September 1996, all 330 newborns born in Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Second Medical University underwent cranial B-mode ultrasound examination within one week after birth to investigate the relationship between different gestational age neonates The incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage. Results: The average gestational age of 330 newborns was 39.6 ± 1.9 (ranged from 28 to 426 weeks) with a birth weight of 3.36 ± 0.49 (1.2 9 to 4.84) kg. The overall incidence of IVH and severe IVH was 15.8% (52/330) and 3% (10/330), respectively. Preterm infants were 76.5% (13/17) and 35.3% (6/17) respectively, and full-term infants were 12.5% (39/313) and 1.3% (4/313) respectively. All IVH children had no obvious clinical symptoms. Data show that IVH occurs mainly in newborns with low birth weight and gestational age. Breech delivery and IVH occurred statistically significant. The severity of pregnancy-induced hypertension and IVH may have some relevance, Apgar score also have a downward trend, but no statistically significant. Childbirth is often prone to sudden disturbance of systemic blood pressure during childbirth, or can explain the normal delivery process can also cause IVH. CONCLUSIONS: This article further confirms the need for a B-scan of all newborns within one week of life