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微小RNAs(miRNAs)是生物体中内源性的调控因子,它通过抑制相应mRNAs的翻译或降解特异mRNAs来调节特异基因的表达。新近研究发现miRNAs能调控心血管疾病的发生发展,如心肌肥厚、心脏纤维化、心律失常、心力衰竭等,参与了心肌的机械重构和电重构过程。随着对它的深入研究,发现人和动物心脏受损时血浆中某些miRNAs特异升高。以上发现使miRNAs有可能成为诊断心肌重构的生物标志物和治疗靶点。本文重点阐述miRNAs在心肌机械重构和电重构中的调控作用及其临床意义。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous regulatory elements in organisms that regulate the expression of specific genes by inhibiting the translation of specific mRNAs or by degrade specific mRNAs. Recent studies have found that miRNAs can regulate the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, such as cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, cardiac arrhythmia, heart failure, involved in myocardial remodeling and electrical remodeling process. With its in-depth study, some miRNAs in plasma were found to be elevated specifically in humans and animals with impaired heart. The above findings make it possible for miRNAs to become biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis of myocardial remodeling. This article focuses on the regulation of miRNAs in myocardial mechanical remodeling and electrical remodeling and its clinical significance.