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本研究的主要目的是在中国的专业运动员和大学生运动员群体中检验中文版简式毅力问卷(Short Grit Scale;Grit-S)的信度及效度。521名青少年专业运动员(11~17岁),289名成年专业运动员(18~40岁)以及217名大学生运动员(18~40岁)完成了包含Grit-S、责任心分量表、简式自我控制问卷以及心理韧性问卷,并邀请其教练或队友完成了Grit-S的信息检验问卷。其中,170名青少年专业运动员、125名成年专业运动员以及54名大学生运动员在3个月后再次填写了Grit-S,用于评估Grit-S的重测信度。验证性因素分析支持了毅力的两因素模型,并得到了可以接受的内部一致性信度和良好的重测信度,支持了Grit-S良好的校标关联效度和共识效度。最后,本研究支持了3个不同样本群体的跨年龄组的构形恒等性以及度量恒等性。总之,中文版的Grit-S可以被看作为用于评估中国专业运动员和大学生运动员毅力水平的一个有效和可靠的测量工具。
The main purpose of this study is to test the reliability and validity of the Short Grit Scale (Grit-S) in Chinese professional athletes and college athletes. 521 young professional athletes (11-17 years old), 289 adult professional athletes (18-40 years old), and 217 college student athletes (18-40 years old) completed a questionnaire including Grit-S, Responsibility Scale, Simplified Self- Questionnaires and mental resilience questionnaire, and invite their coaches or teammates to complete the Grit-S information test questionnaire. Among them, 170 young professional athletes, 125 adult professional athletes and 54 college athletes re-wrote Grit-S after 3 months to evaluate the retest reliability of Grit-S. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor model of perseverance with acceptable internal consistency reliability and good test-retest reliability, supporting good correlations and consensus validity of Grit-S. Finally, the present study supports the construct identity across generations and the measure of identity among three different sample groups. In short, the Chinese version of Grit-S can be viewed as an effective and reliable measurement tool for assessing the perseverance of Chinese professional athletes and college athletes.