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为探讨不同基因型花生磷利用效率及其差异机制,采用盆栽试验,在同一磷肥水平下,研究了12个不同基因型花生磷转运与利用相关指标的差异及其相互关系。结果表明:不同基因型花生整株磷总累积量为394.4~616.3 mg·plant-1,磷利用效率为104.1~128.2 kg·kg-1,产量为44.3~79.1 g·plant-1,基因型间差异均达显著或极显著水平;不同基因型花生磷转移量为37.7~132.7mg·plant-1,磷转移率为25.1%~75.0%,转移磷对产量的贡献率为11.1%~33.5%,基因型间差异均达极显著水平;产量和磷利用效率与磷转移量、整株磷总累积量、产量形成期整株磷累积量、饱果成熟期生殖器官和整株磷累积量均呈显著或极显著正相关;鲁花11、花育39和冀花5号为高产磷高效品种,其产量较其他品种分别高50.7%~78.6%、39.4%~65.2%和14.9%~36.1%,磷累积量高32.3%~56.3%、26.3%~49.3%和10.3%~30.3%,磷利用率高8.3%~23.2%、2.1%~18.9%和-3.3%~12.6%。鲁花11和花育39的磷转移量较其他品种分别高26.4%~252.0%和22.6%~241.4%。该研究结果可为花生磷高效品种选育及高产节磷栽培提供理论依据。
In order to explore the utilization efficiency and the mechanism of peanut phosphate utilization in different genotypes, pot experiments were conducted to study the differences and their correlations of phosphorus transport and utilization in 12 different genotypes of peanut at the same phosphate level. The results showed that the total phosphorus accumulation of peanut in different genotypes was 394.4 ~ 616.3 mg · plant-1, the phosphorus use efficiency was 104.1 ~ 128.2 kg · kg-1 and the yield was 44.3 ~ 79.1 g · plant-1. The difference was significant or very significant level; the phosphorus transfer rate of peanut from different genotypes was 37.7 ~ 132.7mg · plant-1, the rate of phosphorus transfer was 25.1% ~ 75.0%, the rate of phosphorus transfer was 11.1% ~ 33.5% The differences of yield and PUE and P transfer, the total phosphorus accumulation of the whole plant, the total phosphorus accumulation of the whole plant during the formation of the whole plant, the cumulation of the total plant phosphorus in the full fruit ripening stage Significantly or extremely significant positive correlations were found among them; Luhua 11, Huayu 39 and Jihua 5 were high-yielding P-efficient varieties with 50.7% -78.6%, 39.4% -65.2% and 14.9% -36.1% Phosphorus accumulations were 32.3% -56.3%, 26.3% -49.3% and 10.3% -30.3%, respectively. Phosphorus utilization rates were 8.3% -23.2%, 2.1% -18.9% and -3.3% -12.6%, respectively. Phosphorus transfer of Luhua 11 and Huayu 39 were 26.4% ~ 252.0% and 22.6% ~ 241.4% higher than those of other cultivars, respectively. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of high-efficient varieties of peanut and high-yielding phosphorus cultivation.