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食品贸易不仅仅是保障各国食品安全,利用不同国家比较优势获得经济利益的经济活动,也是与人类健康与安全、生态环境保护和生物资源可持续利用紧密相关的一个全球性社会问题。本文从人口、资源与环境的视点,利用国际贸易的比较优势理论分析了中美食品贸易的意义,得出以下主要结论:首先,应充分利用中国的人力资源成本优势和美国的机械费用优势,发展食品贸易,提高两国人民的福利;其次,为老龄人提供营养丰富的健康食品应成为中美食品贸易发展的机会之一;再次,应充分发挥两国的自然资源禀赋优势,发展食品贸易;最后,中国将成为美国食品贸易的巨大市场,但两国间对食品质量问题有较大的认识差距,因此应在食品贸易的过程中,不断培育绿色食品理念,加强政府间交流与沟通,构建食品安全控制机制。
Food trade is not only an economic activity that ensures the food safety of all countries but also takes advantage of the comparative advantage of different countries to obtain economic benefits. It is also a global social problem closely related to human health and safety, ecological environment protection and sustainable utilization of biological resources. This paper analyzes the significance of the Sino-U.S. Food trade from the perspectives of population, resources and environment, using the comparative advantage theory of international trade, and draws the following main conclusions: Firstly, we should make full use of China’s advantage of human resource cost and the advantages of U.S. machinery cost, Developing food trade and raising the welfare of both peoples. Secondly, providing nutritious and healthy food for the elderly should be one of the opportunities for the development of the food trade between China and the United States. Thirdly, we should give full play to the natural resource endowments of the two countries and develop the food trade Finally, China will become a huge market for food trade in the United States. However, there is a big gap between the two countries in understanding food quality issues. Therefore, in the process of food trade, China should constantly cultivate the concept of green food, strengthen exchanges and communication among governments, Construct food safety control mechanism.