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學校教育的基本方式是上課,認真的把課敎好,是小學敎師的主要任務。要把課敎好,首先要有充分的準備。 準備功課的第一點就是要精通課本。學校教育的內容是集中體現在各科所用的課本,這是我們教育兒童的主要工具。精通課本不但是要懂得字、詞的意義(雖然這也很重要),而其重點是在於要使兒童通過課文,學習到各科系統的知識和掌握着語文與計算所用的工具。忽視字詞意義的講解固然是錯誤的,若僅在字詞意義上打圈子也是不對的。據筆者所知,目前各地小學課堂教學上一個基本弱點,就在局限於字詞意義和枝節問題上的解釋,對課文的主題、知識本身的理解反而倒忽略掉了。教師為着使學生記得自己講解的字詞,先去查字典、詞典,根據字典的解釋,就在黑板上寫了一大篇的注解,學生就拼命的抄寫,然後死記不忘。有的教師生怕學生抄錯了,還要一本本的番閱改正;學生課外作業很多,教師成天忙着批改;至於是否真正能融會貫通,那是很少過問的。由於對課文內容缺乏充分的研究,教學的結果往往造成學生只知其然,不知其所以然,見樹木而不見森林。
The basic way of school education is to take classes and to take the lessons seriously. It is the primary task of primary school teachers. To take a good lesson, first of all have to be fully prepared. The first point to prepare for homework is to master the textbook. The content of school education is focused on the textbooks used in various sections. This is the main tool for our education of children. Proficiency in textbooks is not only to understand the meaning of words and words (though this is also important), but the key point is to enable children to acquire knowledge of various subjects and to master the language and computational tools through the texts. It is wrong to ignore the meaning of words, but it is also wrong to play circles only in the meaning of words. According to the author’s knowledge, at present, a basic weakness in the teaching of primary schools in various places is that it is limited to the interpretation of the meanings of words and the branches and the ignorance of the subject and knowledge of the text itself. Teachers in order to enable students to remember their own words to explain, first check the dictionary, the dictionary, according to the dictionary’s explanation, wrote a big note on the blackboard, the students desperately copy, and then forget it. Some teachers are afraid of the students copying the wrong ones, but they also need to read and correct the books. Many students work extra-curricular and the teachers are constantly changing the books. As for whether they can be thoroughly integrated, it is seldom interfered. Due to the lack of adequate research on the content of the text, the teaching results often result in students only know it, I do not know why, see the trees without seeing the forest.