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为探讨胆囊良恶性病变组织中ｐ２１、ｐ５３及ｂｃｌ２癌基因蛋白的表达及其与胆囊癌预后的关系，以及在胆囊良恶性病变的鉴别诊断中的作用，采用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法，分别测定了４０例胆囊癌及８例胆囊腺瘤型息肉组织中ｐ２１、ｐ５３及ｂｃｌ２癌基因蛋白的表达情况。结果：胆囊癌组织中ｐ２１、ｐ５３及ｂｃｌ２癌基因蛋白表达阳性率分别为５２．５％、５２．５％和７０．０％；在胆囊腺瘤型息肉中３者分别为０％、０％和１００％；其中ｐ５３蛋白表达阳性率在低分化腺癌中明显高于高分化腺癌（Ｐ＜０．０１），ｂｃｌ２蛋白表达阳性率在低分化腺癌中也明显低于高分化腺癌（Ｐ＜０．０１）。本实验结果提示：ｐ２１及ｐ５３蛋白表达可能是胆囊癌预后不良的重要指标，检测ｐ２１、ｐ５３及ｂｃｌ２蛋白表达情况在胆囊癌与胆囊息肉的鉴别诊断中有一定意义。
To investigate the expression of p21, p53 and bcl-2 oncogene proteins in benign and malignant lesions of gallbladder and their relationship with the prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma, and the role in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of gallbladder. Using immunohistochemical ABC method, respectively The expression of p21, p53 and bcl-2 oncogenes in 40 cases of gallbladder carcinoma and 8 cases of gallbladder adenoma polyp tissue were determined. Results: The positive rates of p21, p53 and bcl-2 oncoprotein in gallbladder cancer tissues were 52.5%, 52.5% and 70.0%, respectively. The percentages of 3 in gallbladder adenoma polyp were 0% 0% and 100% respectively. The positive rate of p53 protein in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (P <0.01), and the positive rate of bcl2 protein was also significantly lower in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma Highly differentiated adenocarcinoma (P <0.01). The results suggest that: p21 and p53 protein expression may be an important indicator of poor prognosis of gallbladder cancer, detection of p21, p53 and bcl 2 protein expression in the differential diagnosis of gallbladder polyps and gallbladder polyp has a certain significance.