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爱因斯坦于1905年3月发表了题为《关于光的产生和转化的一个启发性观点》的论文,提出了光量子假设;4月和5月发表了两篇关于分子运动说的论文;6月发表了开创物理学新纪元的长篇论文《论动体的电动力学》,建立了狭义相对论;9月又在一篇论文中提出了质能关系式。一个人在短短6个月内在三个不同领域中做出了四项划时代的成就,这是罕见的。当时,年仅26岁的爱因斯坦,是在远离学术机关、没有名师指导、完全靠业余研究而取得了如此辉煌的成果。本文对当时的物理学背景及爱因斯坦的早年生活进行简要的介绍。
Einstein published a paper entitled “An Insinatory Opinion on the Generation and Transformation of Light” in March 1905, proposing the light quantum hypothesis; two papers on molecular motion in April and May; 6 His monthly essay “On Electrokinetics of Moving Animals,” which opened the new era of physics, has been published and a Special Theory of Relativity has been established. In September, another paper on the relationship between mass and energy was put forward. It is rare for a person to make four epoch-making achievements in three different fields in just six months. At that time, only 26 years old Einstein, is far from the academic institutions, there is no teacher guidance, totally rely on amateur research and achieved such brilliant results. This article briefly introduces the background of physics and Einstein’s early life.