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广义石油资源租由消费者剩余性质的潜在资源租和厂商剩余性质的市场资源租构成,国际油价及其决定的石油资源租国际分配,是世界及石油生产国和消费国社会经济发展的重要因素。理论模型表明,主要石油生产国集团通过产量控制、石油消费国集团通过石油消费税等策略争夺国际石油定价权,影响石油资源租的国际分配。为此,本文定量测算了1973年石油危机以来OPEC产量控制策略和欧盟石油消费税政策对石油资源租国际分配的影响。结果表明,1974~2012年石油资源租国际分配主要受OPEC产量控制影响,欧盟石油消费税政策对1986~2012年石油资源租国际分配也有重要作用。中国已是第一大石油净进口国,应以多功能石油消费税补偿石油消费外部性成本并分享更多国际石油资源租。
Generalized oil resources leasing the remaining resources of the nature of consumer leasing and the remaining nature of the market resource rent structure, the international oil prices and the international allocation of rent to rent oil resources, the world and oil-producing countries and consumer socio-economic development, an important factor . The theoretical model shows that major oil-producing country groups compete for international oil pricing through output control and oil consumer groups through oil consumption tax and other strategies, affecting the international distribution of oil resource rent. For this reason, this paper quantitatively estimates the impact of the OPEC production control strategy and the EU’s oil consumption tax policy on the international distribution of petroleum resources since the oil crisis in 1973. The results show that the international distribution of oil resources rent from 1974 to 2012 is mainly affected by the output control of OPEC. The EU’s oil consumption tax policy also plays an important role in the international distribution of oil resources from 1986 to 2012. China is already the number one net importer of oil and should compensate for the externality cost of oil consumption with multi-purpose consumption tax and share more international oil resources.