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反应堆临界计算的核心问题是计算系统的裂变源分布,有了裂变源分布以后,就能够很方便地得到有效增殖因子、系统的功率分布和反应率等物理量.在反应堆计算和分析中,Monte Carlo方法在处理复杂几何和中子参数等方面具有独特的优势.随着计算机软硬件能力的不断发展,Monte Carlo临界计算已经逐步应用于实际反应堆的全堆芯模拟,同时有关这方面的研究已经发展成一个热点.Monte Carlo临界计算全堆芯模拟面临几个颇具挑战性的困难,其中包括收敛速度慢、缺乏有效的收敛性判据和计算结果的不确定度被低估等几个方面.本文介绍了Monte Carlo临界计算的过程和特点、存在的困难以及研究现状,综述了最新的加速收敛方法和降方差技巧.
The critical problem of reactor critical calculation is to calculate the fission source distribution of the system, and with the fission source distribution, it is easy to get the effective growth factor, the system power distribution and the reaction rate and other physical quantities.In the reactor calculation and analysis, Monte Carlo Method has unique advantages in dealing with complex geometry and neutron parameters.With the continuous development of computer hardware and software capabilities, Monte Carlo critical computing has been gradually applied to the whole reactor simulation of the actual reactor, and research on this area has been developed As a hot spot.Monte Carlo Critical Computation Full core simulation faces several challenging problems, including slow convergence, lack of effective convergence criteria and underestimation of the uncertainty of the calculation results. The process and characteristics of Monte Carlo critical computing, existing difficulties and current research status are reviewed. The latest accelerating convergence methods and descending variance techniques are reviewed.