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目的:评估变应性鼻炎(AR)患者的味觉功能障碍,分析其对生活质量的影响并探讨可能的影响因素及特点。方法:选取305例成人AR患者,采用鼻结膜炎生活质量调查问卷(RQLQ)、症状视觉模拟量表(VAS)和Lund-Kennedy鼻内镜评分方法进行评估,选取味觉障碍症状评分较重的20例患者进行味试纸条试验,统计分析AR患者味觉功能障碍的特点及其对生活质量的影响。结果:AR伴味觉障碍发生率为18.03%(55/305),主要为味觉减退98.18%(54/55)和味觉敏感1.82%(1/55)。味觉功能障碍与生活质量、嗅觉功能障碍有相关性(P<0.05),与鼻部症状VAS评分及鼻内镜评分无明显相关性(P>0.05)。20例患者中,咸味、苦味、甜味和酸味敏感度均有下降,咸味较其他3种味觉下降更为显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:AR患者伴有一定程度的味觉功能障碍且生活质量受到影响,主要为味觉减退,其中咸味味觉下降较为明显。
OBJECTIVE: To assess the dysbathetic dysfunction in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and analyze its impact on quality of life and to explore the possible influencing factors and characteristics. Methods: A total of 305 adults with AR were enrolled in the study. The quality of life (QOL), visual analog scale (VAS) and Lund-Kennedy endoscopic evaluation of rhinoconjunctivitis were evaluated. Cases of patients with taste test strip test, statistical analysis of AR patients with dyslexia characteristics and their impact on quality of life. Results: The incidence of AR associated with taste disorders was 18.03% (55/305). The main symptoms were as follows: taste loss 98.18% (54/55) and taste sensation 1.82% (1/55). There was a correlation between taste dysfunction and quality of life and olfactory dysfunction (P <0.05), but no significant correlation with nasal symptom VAS score and endoscopic score (P> 0.05). Among the 20 patients, the sensitivity of salty, bitterness, sweetness and sourness decreased, while salty taste was more significant than the other three kinds of taste. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AR have some degree of dysfunctions of taste and their quality of life is affected, mainly due to the decrease of taste, especially the decrease of savory taste.