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目的分析昌黎县2012-2015年手足口病的流行病学特征,为制定手足口病防控措施提供科学依据。方法利用中国疾病预防控制信息系统数据,采用描述流行病学方法对昌黎县2012-2015年手足口病监测资料和病原学检测结果进行分析。结果 2012-2015年昌黎县共报告手足口病病例742例,重症7例,死亡1例,年平均发病率为32.93/10万。重症病例病原学检测全部为EV 71型,发病以3岁以下散居婴幼儿为主,男性发病高于女性,发病集中在5~7月。病原学检测结果 EV 71型所占比例为36.88%,Cox A16型所占比例为22.17%,其它肠道病毒所占比例为40.98%。结论昌黎县手足口病流行有明显的年龄、性别和季节差异,病原体主要为EV 71型和其它肠道病毒,农村儿童发病高于城镇。应多渠道开展手足口病的防治知识宣传工作,提高群众预防知识知晓率,降低发病率和死亡率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Changli County from 2012 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Using the data from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System, the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of hand-foot-mouth disease monitoring and the results of pathogen detection in Changli County from 2012 to 2015. Results A total of 742 HFMD cases were reported in Changli County from 2012 to 2015, including 7 severe cases and 1 death. The average annual incidence was 32.93 / 100 000. Etiological detection of severe cases were all EV 71 type, the incidence of scattered infants and young children under the age of 3 mainly men than women, the incidence concentrated in May to July. The etiological test results showed that EV 71 type accounted for 36.88%, Cox A16 type accounted for 22.17%, and other enterovirus accounted for 40.98%. Conclusion The prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Changli County is obviously different according to age, gender and season. The main pathogens are EV 71 and other enteroviruses. The incidence of rural children is higher than that of urban areas. Multi-channel hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and treatment should be propaganda work to raise awareness of prevention of the masses and reduce morbidity and mortality.