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组成物质的粒子从古至今人类一直在研究物质的组成成分,直到19世纪末,人们都认为原子是组成物质的不可再分的最小微粒。然而在1897年,英国物理学家J.J.汤姆孙(1856~1940年)发现了电子,从而认识到原子是可以分割的。后来陆续发现了质子和中子,从而叩开了原子世界的大门。认为电子、质子和中子是组成物质的最小微粒不可再分,并叫作“基本粒子”。随着科学的进步,又发现了很多新的粒子,质子和中子也有自己的复杂
Particles of matter Since ancient times, mankind has been studying the composition of matter until the late 19th century, people think that atoms are the smallest particles that can be subdivided into substances. However, in 1897, the British physicist J.J. Thomson (1856-1940) discovered the electrons and realized that the atoms were separable. Later, one after another discovered protons and neutrons, which opened the door to the atomic world. Think of electrons, protons, and neutrons as the smallest particles that make up a substance that can not be subdivided and are called “elementary particles.” With the progress of science, many new particles have been discovered. Protons and neutrons also have their own complexities