论文部分内容阅读
[目的]探索枣园间作生物学基础与小气候效应。[方法]2009~2011年,在枣园内间作小麦、花生、大豆、大蒜、西瓜、蔬菜等,,对照为单一作物种植地,采取固定观测和同步移动观测相结合测量空气温度、地表温度、空气相对湿度、风速等田间小气候因子。[结果]枣树与间作作物之间在光照、肥水方面存在资源利用型竞争关系,但与多种作物在物候期上存在差异,枣树与间作作物在需水、需肥及光照的关键时期也有交错。同时,枣园间作与对照比农田小气候环境变化显著(P<0.05):枣园间作地比对照空气温度降低幅度为0.2~0.7℃、地表温度降低幅度为2.1~2.5℃、空气相对湿度提高幅度为3.7%~6.8%、风速减低幅度为0.2~0.4 m/s。[结论]该研究表明枣园间作可在中原地区,乃至中国北方地区大力推广。
[Objective] The research aimed to explore the biological basis and microclimate effect of jujube orchard intercropping. [Method] From 2009 to 2011, wheat, peanut, soybean, garlic, watermelon, vegetables and so on were planted in the field of jujube orchards, and the control was the monoculture plantation. The combination of fixed observation and synchronous movement observation was used to measure the air temperature, surface temperature, Air relative humidity, wind speed and other microclimate factors in the field. [Result] There was resource utilization competition between jujube and intercrop crops in light and fertilizer, but there were differences in phenology with many crops. Jujube and intercrop crops were in critical period of water requirement, fertilizer requirement and light exposure There are also staggered. At the same time, the jujube intercropping and control had significant changes in the microclimate environment (P <0.05): the decrease of air temperature in jujube orchard was 0.2 ~ 0.7 ℃ and the surface temperature was decreased by 2.1 ~ 2.5 ℃, the increase of relative humidity of air 3.7% ~ 6.8%, wind speed reduction range of 0.2 ~ 0.4 m / s. [Conclusion] This research indicated that the intercropping of jujube orchards could be vigorously popularized in Central Plains and even in northern China.