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[目的]研究结直肠癌患者使用奥沙利铂后出现过敏反应的特点,分析结直肠癌患者发生过敏反应的危险因素。[方法]回顾性收集139例采用奥沙利铂化疗的结直肠癌患者的临床资料,分析奥沙利铂过敏反应的发生特征及危险因素。[结果]139例结直肠癌患者接受奥沙利铂静脉化疗,14例(10.07%)患者发生过敏反应。过敏反应以一般症状和皮肤症状多见,主要表现为颜面潮红、皮疹、胸闷气急、心悸等。Logistic回归分析显示接受奥沙利铂姑息化疗的患者更容易发生过敏反应(OR=5.186,95%CI:1.240～21.697)。化疗次数大于6次的患者较化疗次数≤6次的患者发生过敏反应的风险增高(OR=4.130,95%CI:1.132～15.073)。[结论]10.07%的接受奥沙利铂化疗的结直肠癌患者发生过敏反应,过敏反应症状一般较轻,主要表现为皮肤潮红和皮疹。接受奥沙利铂化疗次数6次以上及以姑息化疗为目的的患者较容易发生过敏反应。
[Objective] To study the characteristics of allergic reactions in patients with colorectal cancer after using oxaliplatin and to analyze the risk factors of allergic reactions in patients with colorectal cancer. [Methods] The clinical data of 139 cases of patients with colorectal cancer treated with oxaliplatin were collected retrospectively to analyze the characteristics and risk factors of oxaliplatin allergy. [Results] 139 patients with colorectal cancer received oxaliplatin intravenous chemotherapy and 14 patients (10.07%) had anaphylactic reaction. Allergic reactions to the general symptoms and skin symptoms more common, mainly as facial flushing, rash, chest tightness and shortness of breath, palpitations and so on. Logistic regression analysis showed that patients receiving oxaliplatin palliative chemotherapy were more likely to develop anaphylaxis (OR = 5.186, 95% CI: 1.240-21.697). Patients who had chemotherapy more than 6 times had a higher risk of developing anaphylaxis than those who had 6 times chemotherapy (OR = 4.130, 95% CI: 1.132-15.073). [Conclusion] Allergic reactions occur in 10.07% of patients with colorectal cancer receiving oxaliplatin chemotherapy. The symptoms of allergic reactions are generally mild, which are mainly the result of skin flushing and skin rashes. Patients receiving oxaliplatin more than 6 times and receiving palliative chemotherapy are more likely to develop anaphylactic reactions.