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目的探讨淀粉样变性肾病的染色方法及体会。方法对15例淀粉样变性肾病患者的活检标本进行常规染色、刚果红、高锰酸钾氧化刚果红染色后以偏振光显微镜观察,同时予以免疫荧光、免疫组化染色,使用透视电镜观察,分析淀粉样变性肾病的染色方法及效果。结果 15例标本可见淀粉样蛋白沉积区HE呈均质、淡染的嗜伊红状,PASM染色呈毛刷样结构,刚果红染色呈砖红色、偏振光下呈青绿色。免疫组化染色中AA染色均为阴性,κ染色显示14例为阴性,λ染色显示14例为阳性。电镜下观察有纤维状结构且排列紊乱。结论对淀粉样变性肾病需采用多种染色方法结合效果较好,使用碱性刚果红染色较为便利使用,使用免疫组化染色后透视电镜观察有助于发现早期不典型病变。
Objective To investigate the staining method and experience of amyloid nephropathy. Methods Fifteen patients with amyloid nephropathy were routinely stained with biopsy. Congo red and potassium permanganate oxidized Congo red were stained with a polarized light microscope. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to observe the biopsy specimens. Amyloidosis nephropathy staining method and effect. Results In 15 samples, HE showed a homogeneous and light eosinophilic deposition in the amyloid deposition zone. PASM staining showed a brush-like structure. Congo red staining showed a brick red color and a greenish-blue color under polarized light. AA staining was negative in immunohistochemical staining, 14 cases were negative in κ staining, and 14 cases were positive in λ staining. Under electron microscope, fibrous structures were observed and disordered. Conclusions The combination of multiple staining methods should be used for the treatment of amyloid nephropathy, and alkaline Congo red staining is more convenient to use. Using immunohistochemical staining to observe the early atypical lesions is helpful for the detection of early stage atypical nephropathy.