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目的分析综合医院心血管内科医院感染的发生率及临床特征,总结干预措施,以降低医院感染率。方法回顾性调查2008年1月-2012年12月心血管内科7 654例患者临床资料,调查分析医院感染发生的部位及病原菌分布;对照研究2008-2010年(干预前)与2011-2012年(干预后)患者发生医院感染的资料,采用SPSS18.0软件进行数据统计及对比。结果心血管内科7 654例患者发生医院感染178例、184例次,感染率2.3%、例次感染率2.4%、日感染率为2.7‰;感染部位以呼吸道最高占78.8%;145例呼吸道感染患者中痰培养阳性91例,培养阳性率62.8%,检出病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,共64株占70.3%;经过一系列干预措施,心血管内科医院感染率及日感染率分别由干预前的2.8%和3.0‰下降至干预后的1.8%和2.2‰,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论制定切实有效的预防措施与护理对策,可以降低心血管内科医院感染的发生。
Objective To analyze the incidence and clinical characteristics of hospital-acquired nosocomial infections in general hospitals and to summarize the interventions so as to reduce the nosocomial infection rate. Methods The clinical data of 7 654 patients with cardiovascular diseases from January 2008 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The distribution of nosocomial infections and pathogens was investigated. The control study was conducted between 2008-2010 (pre-intervention) and 2011-2012 After intervention) data of nosocomial infections occurred in patients, the data were statistically compared with SPSS18.0 software. Results Among the 7 654 hospitalized patients, 178 cases were hospitalized with 184 cases, the infection rate was 2.3%, the infection rate was 2.4% and the daily infection rate was 2.7 ‰. The highest respiratory tract infection area was 78.8% and 145 cases of respiratory tract infection The sputum culture positive patients in 91 cases, the positive rate of culture 62.8%, the main pathogenic bacteria were gram-negative bacteria, a total of 64 strains accounted for 70.3%; after a series of interventions, cardiovascular hospital infection rate and daily infection rates were 2.8% and 3.0 ‰ before intervention decreased to 1.8% and 2.2 ‰ after intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Effective and effective preventive measures and nursing strategies can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular hospital infection.