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目的了解目前我国改厕产业总体运行状况和市场化发展程度,掌握改厕产品市场供需现状,评估我国农村改厕产业的状况,为政府制定推进农村改厕工作的相关政策、措施提供依据。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,在全国范围内组织开展农村改厕企业运行、改厕产品的生产、营销状况调研,了解产业存在的问题和企业自身发展需求,收集相关数据资料。结果农村改厕企业规模以中、小型企业为主;62.5%(10/16)的企业是兼营改厕产品企业,改厕产品以双瓮化粪池或三格化粪池为主;92.3%(12/13)的企业销售模式是政府、工程订购;企业研发能力薄弱,研发经费紧张,技术能力欠缺是主要原因。结论农村改厕产业的市场化尚处于初始阶段,政府行为依然是影响改厕产业发展的主要因素;改厕企业在开拓、维护产品市场方面的能力不足;改厕产业的市场化需要政府在政策、技术、资金等方面的支持;我国农村改厕的巨大市场需求为改厕产业的发展提供了前所未有的机遇。
OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of the lavatories industry in our country and the degree of marketization development, grasp the status of supply and demand of the lavatories market, assess the status of the lavatories industry in rural areas and provide the basis for the government to formulate the relevant policies and measures to promote lavatories in rural areas. Methods Self-designed questionnaires were used to survey the production and sales of toilet changing enterprises in rural areas and lavatories across the country, to understand the existing problems in the industry and their own development needs, and to collect relevant data. Results The size of rural restroom enterprises was dominated by medium and small enterprises. 62.5% (10/16) of the enterprises were concurrently engaged in restroom products enterprises. The reshuffle products were dominated by double urn septic tanks or three septic tanks 92.3 % (12/13) business sales model is the government, engineering orders; weak research and development capabilities, research and development funding constraints, lack of technical capacity is the main reason. Conclusion The marketability of lavatories in rural areas is still at an initial stage. Government behavior is still the main factor that affects lavatories’ development. Toilet lavatories lack capacity in pioneering and maintaining product markets. Technology, capital and other aspects of support; the huge market demand for toilet latrine in rural areas in China has provided an unprecedented opportunity for the development of the lavatory industry.