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梨黑星病是我国南、北梨区普遍发生的主要病害,在江淮流域气候温暖多雨的地区发生严重。大发生年份造成严重的落叶、落果,损失很大。病果品质下降,树势衰弱,甚至导致梨树生产的濒临毁灭。 一、病害症状 梨黑星病菌能够侵染梨树所有绿色幼嫩组织,包括花序、叶片、叶柄、新梢及果实,而为害时期则可从落花期直至果实近成熟期。受侵后,在病部形成明显的黑色霉斑,这是梨黑星病的主要诊断特征。芽被害后鳞片茸毛较多,后期表面产生黑霉,严重时可使芽鳞开裂枯死。花序受侵染后,花萼和梗基部都可呈现黑色霉斑,接着叶蔟基部也可发病,致使花序和叶蔟（或伸长为新梢）萎焉枯死。叶片受侵染后先在正面发
Pear scab is the most common disease in South and North Pear, and it is serious in the warm and rainy areas of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. The year of big occurrence has caused serious deciduous, decimated fruit, the loss is very big. The quality of diseased fruit decreased, the shrubs weak, and even led to pear production on the brink of destruction. First, the symptoms of the disease Pears pear Pear can invade all young green tissue, including inflorescences, leaves, petioles, shoots and fruits, but the damage period from the flowering until the fruit near maturity. After being invaded, obvious black mildew is formed in the diseased part, which is the main diagnostic feature of pear scab. After the damage of the buds, the hairiness of the scales is greater, and the black mold is produced on the surface of the buds later. In severe cases, the bud scales may be cracked and wither. Inflorescence infested, the calyx and stem base can be black mildew, followed by the base of the leaves can also be disease, causing the inflorescence and leaf 蔟 (or elongation of the shoots) wilt died. Leaves infected by the positive hair on the front