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随着大气CO_2浓度的升高,全球变暖的趋势日益加剧,成为全球高度关注的生态环境问题。土壤是森林生态系统最大的CO_2排放源,了解土壤呼吸的变化特征及影响机制,对于缓解全球变暖具有重要意义。森林土壤呼吸作为一个复杂的生态学过程,受人类活动、森林类型、温度、水分、土壤生物和土壤理化性质等因素的调控,特别是土壤呼吸对温度的敏感性存在时间和空间上的较大变异。综述了国内外森林土壤呼吸研究现状及发展趋势,揭示森林土壤呼吸时空变化特征、温度的敏感性及其主要影响因子(土壤温度、土壤湿度、森林植被覆盖、土壤微生物、pH值、土壤氮素、土壤磷素、施肥、森林砍伐及刀耕火种等),阐明了森林土壤呼吸的生态过程、时空变化规律及其影响机制,有助于完整、准确地理解森林在地区和全球碳循环中的地位与作用,能够为预测未来全球变化趋势提供理论支撑。
With the increase of atmospheric CO 2 concentration, the trend of global warming is becoming more and more intensified, making it an eco-environmental issue of great concern to the world. Soil is the largest source of CO2 emission in forest ecosystems. Understanding the changing characteristics of soil respiration and the mechanism of its influence are of great significance to mitigate global warming. Forest soil respiration, as a complex ecological process, is controlled by factors such as human activities, forest types, temperature, moisture, soil biology and soil physical and chemical properties, especially the sensitivity of soil respiration to temperature to exist in time and space variation. The present situation and development trend of soil respiration in forest at home and abroad are summarized. The spatio - temporal variation characteristics of forest soil respiration, temperature sensitivity and the main influencing factors (soil temperature, soil moisture, forest vegetation cover, soil microorganism, pH value, soil nitrogen , Soil phosphorus, fertilization, deforestation and slash-and-burn), and clarify the ecological process, temporal and spatial variation of forest soil respiration and their mechanisms of influence, and help to fully and accurately understand the status of forests in the regional and global carbon cycle. Which can provide theoretical support for predicting the future trend of global change.