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目的研究3种不同易感性宿主感染日本血吸虫后免疫应答特征的差异,初步探讨适宜和非适宜鼠类宿主感染血吸虫后免疫应答的机制。方法 C57BL/6小鼠、Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠和东方田鼠(Microtus fortis)各12只,均随机分为感染组和未感染组,每组6只。C57BL/6小鼠、SD大鼠和东方田鼠的感染组每鼠经腹部皮肤分别感染日本血吸虫尾蚴20、200和1000条。感染后42d,剖杀各组动物,观察门脉系统成虫寄生及肝脏肉芽肿情况。收集血清,ELISA法检测细胞因子白细胞介素10(IL-10)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)和血清特异性抗体IgG、IgG_(2a)及IgG_1的水平。结果感染日本血吸虫后42d,C57BL/6小鼠和SD大鼠均检获日本血吸虫成虫,并在宿主肝脏发现虫卵肉芽肿,而东方田鼠未检获血吸虫成虫及虫卵,肝脏正常。SD大鼠血清中IL-10的含量[(2.21±0.12)pg/ml]明显高于东方田鼠[(1.64±0.39)pg/ml](P<0.05)和C57BL/6小鼠[(0.10±0.04)pg/ml)](P<0.01),而东方田鼠也显著高于C57BL/6小鼠(P<0.01);SD大鼠血清中IFN-γ的含量[(0.21±0.11)pg/ml]均高于东方田鼠[(0.11±0.03)pg/ml]和C57B1/6小鼠[(0.09±0.02)pg/ml](P<0.05),而C57BL/6小鼠与东方田鼠组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);SD大鼠IgG(1.53±0.31)、IgG_1(1.48±0.44)、IgG_(2a)(0.41±0.11)水平均显著高于东方田鼠各抗体亚类水平(0.48±0.14、0.15±0.03和0.12±0.06)(P<0.01),C57BL/6小鼠IgG(1.21±0.16)和IgG_1(0.88±0.31)水平也显著高于东方田鼠(P<0.01),3种鼠血清抗体亚类均以IgG_1占优势。未感染组C57BL/6小鼠、SD大鼠及东方田鼠均未检测出IL-10、IFN-γ及抗体亚类IgG、IgG_1、IgG_(2a)的表达。结论与Th2型免疫应答主要相关的细胞因子IL-10在血吸虫非适宜宿主体内水平显著高于适宜宿主,可能在抗血吸虫机制中发挥重要作用。
Objective To study the differences of immune response among three susceptible hosts infected with Schistosoma japonicum, and to explore the mechanism of immune response in schistosoma japonicum infected with suitable and unsuitable hosts. Methods Twelve C57BL / 6 mice, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and Microtus fortis were randomly divided into infected group and uninfected group, with 6 mice in each group. Infected C57BL / 6 mice, Sprague-Dawley rats, and Microtus fortis were infected with 20, 200 and 1000 cercariae respectively. At 42 days after infection, the animals in each group were sacrificed to observe the parasitic status of the adult portal system and the granuloma of the liver. Serum was collected and the levels of IL-10, IFN-γ and serum specific IgG, IgG2a and IgG1 were detected by ELISA. Results On the 42th day after infection with Schistosoma japonicum, adult worms of Schistosoma japonicum were collected from C57BL / 6 mice and SD rats, and ovarian granulomas were found in the liver of the host. However, the adult mice were not seized with adult worms and eggs, and the liver was normal. The level of IL-10 in sera of SD rats [(2.21 ± 0.12) pg / ml] was significantly higher than that in T. vinca [(1.64 ± 0.39) pg / ml] 0.04) pg / ml)] (P <0.01), but the content of IFN-γ in SD rats was significantly higher than that in C57BL / 6 mice [(0.21 ± 0.11) pg / ml ] Were significantly higher than those in T. vinca [(0.11 ± 0.03) pg / ml] and C57B1 / 6 mice [(0.09 ± 0.02) pg / ml] (1.53 ± 0.31), IgG1 (1.48 ± 0.44), and IgG2a (0.41 ± 0.11) in SD rats were significantly higher than those in each vole (v 0.48 (P <0.01). The levels of IgG (1.21 ± 0.16) and IgG1 (0.88 ± 0.31) in C57BL / 6 mice were also significantly higher than those in V. voles (P <0.01) and 3 Serum IgG subclasses are predominantly IgG1. No expression of IL-10, IFN-γand antibody subclasses IgG, IgG1, IgG2a were detected in C57BL / 6 mice, SD rats and V.varti in uninfected group. Conclusion The level of cytokines IL-10, which is mainly related to Th2 immune response, is significantly higher than that of suitable hosts in non-adapted host of Schistosoma japonicum, and may play an important role in the mechanism of anti-schistosomiasis.