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近20年来,中国农民大量离开农村向城市转移,这种人力资本的外流对城市和农村均产生了深远影响。本文利用2010年实施的家庭动态跟踪调查(CFPS)数据,以Mincer工资方程为基础,建立多元OLS回归方程,探究外出务工对农户家庭收入的影响并进行稳健性检验。最终发现,外出务工可以显著增加当地的农户家庭收入并对农村劳动力的要素配置起到一定的促进作用,但也存在着资本利用率较低、城乡发展不均等社会问题。
In the recent 20 years, Chinese peasants have largely left the rural areas to transfer to the cities. This outflow of human capital has had a profound impact on both urban and rural areas. Based on the Mincer wage equation, this paper establishes a multivariate OLS regression equation using the household dynamic tracking survey (CFPS) data carried out in 2010 to explore the impact migrant workers have on household income and conduct a robust test. Finally, it is found that migrant workers can significantly increase the income of local farmers and promote the allocation of rural labor force. However, there are also social problems such as low capital utilization and unequal urban-rural development.