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自中唐“安史之乱”至五代,王朝频繁更迭,战祸连绵持续二百余年。北宋政权建立后,宋太祖为了防止唐末以来藩镇跋扈局面的重演,使北宋政权能长期巩固下去,进行了一系列的制度改革,而兵制改革是其改革的中心环节。其基本做法是,收夺藩镇兵权,将地方军权收归中央;削夺将帅兵权,将军权集中于皇帝之手。这样做的结果,一方面结束了藩镇割据的局面,加强了专制主义中央集权统治,另一方面又造成了军力的削弱,出现了冗兵冗费和积贫积弱的局面,走向了预期目的的反面。
Since the Mid-Tang Dynasty “An Shishi chaos” to five generations, frequent changes in the dynasty, the scourge of war lasted for more than 200 years. After the establishment of the regime of the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Taizu conducted a series of institutional reforms in order to prevent the political power of the Northern Song Dynasty from consolidating for a long time in order to prevent a repeat of the dominance of the viceroy of armed forces in the late Tang Dynasty. The reform of the armed forces was the central link in its reform. Its basic approach is to seize the military power of the military governor, the local military recuperation to the Central; to seize the power of military commanders, military power will be concentrated in the hands of the emperor. As a result of this, the situation of the separatist forces and the cities and towns was ended, the autocratic rule of autocratic centralism was strengthened, the military strength was weakened, the situation of redundancy and weakness and weakness emerged, and the goal was achieved. The opposite.