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孕妇中癌症发病率为0.02%~0.1%,最常见的癌症是乳腺癌、宫颈癌、甲状腺癌、淋巴瘤和卵巢癌。妊娠期化疗的目的是既能给予患者最合适的治疗,又能不伤害胎儿。孕早期是器官形成的时期,应该避免使用抗肿瘤药物,以防止自然流产、胎儿畸形和死亡的发生。目前有很多孕中期和孕晚期抗肿瘤药物安全使用的报道,但是仍有可能发生胎儿宫内发育迟缓、早产、低出生体质量和骨髓毒性等。本综述通过查阅文献,回顾性总结妊娠期各种抗肿瘤药物的使用情况,以期望为妊娠癌症患者化疗药物的使用提供参考。
The incidence of cancer in pregnant women is 0.02% ~ 0.1%, the most common cancer is breast cancer, cervical cancer, thyroid cancer, lymphoma and ovarian cancer. The purpose of pregnancy chemotherapy is to give patients the most appropriate treatment, but also do not harm the fetus. Early pregnancy is the period of organ formation, anti-cancer drugs should be avoided to prevent spontaneous abortion, fetal malformation and death. There are currently many reports of safe use of antineoplastic drugs in the second trimester and third trimester, but fetal intrauterine growth retardation, premature birth, low birth weight and myelotoxicity may still occur. This review reviews the literature, retrospectively summarizes the use of various anti-tumor drugs during pregnancy, and hopes to provide a reference for the use of chemotherapy drugs in patients with pregnancy.