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目的:通过对淮安市2009-2011年老年人恶性肿瘤发病及死亡特征进行分析,为淮安市老年人恶性肿瘤的防治提供依据。方法:利用淮安市恶性肿瘤登记报告工作收集的淮安市2009-2011年老年人恶性肿瘤发病及死亡数据,分析恶性肿瘤的流行病学特征。结果:2009-2011年淮安市≥60岁人群恶性肿瘤发病率为1 012.26/10万,男性1 354.60/10万,女性703.77/10万,男性发病率明显高于女性,χ2=580.32,P<0.05。平均年死亡率835.40/10万,男性1 105.33/10万,女性592.16/10万,男性死亡率明显高于女性,χ2=1 607.95,P<0.05。发病居前10位的肿瘤依次是食管癌、胃癌、肺癌气管支气管、肝癌、结直肠癌肛门、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、口腔癌、膀胱癌和胆囊及其他,占所有恶性肿瘤发病的90.29%。死亡居前10位的是食管癌、肺癌气管支气管、胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌肛门、胰腺癌、脑及中枢神经系统肿瘤、淋巴瘤、白血病和胆囊及其他,占所有恶性肿瘤死亡的75.98%。全市老年人恶性肿瘤发病率随年龄增长而升高,在75~岁年龄组达到高峰,之后随年龄升高而下降,死亡率则在80~岁年龄组达到高峰。2009-2011年全市老年人发病率分别为882.03/10万、1 022.29/10万和1 136.96/10万,随着时间的推移发病率不断增高,χ2=220.43,P<0.05;城市(χ2=114.18,P<0.05)与农村(χ2=111.08,P<0.05)发病率均随着时间的推移不断增高。死亡率随着时间的推移略有增高,变化不大,χ2=0.74,P>0.05。城市地区死亡率随着时间的推移不断增高,χ2=17.42,P<0.05,而农村地区则不断降低,χ2=9.52,P<0.05。结论:淮安地区老年人恶性肿瘤发病率、死亡率均处于较高水平,应进一步加强老年人恶性肿瘤防治。
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in the elderly in Huaian from 2009 to 2011, and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in the elderly in Huaian. Methods: The data of incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in the elderly from 2009 to 2011 in Huai'an City collected from the report of cancer registration in Huaian City were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malignant tumors. Results: The incidence of malignant tumors in Huai'an population aged 60-60 years from 2009 to 2011 was 1 012.26 / 100 000, with 1 354.60 / 100 000 males and 703.77 100 000 females, the incidence of males was significantly higher than that of females (χ2 = 580.32, P < 0.05. The average annual death rate was 835.40 / 100,000, with 1 105.33 / 100000 males and 592.16 / 100000 females. The male mortality rate was significantly higher than that of females (χ2 = 1 607.95, P <0.05). The top 10 tumors were esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, tracheobronchial cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, anus, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, oral cancer, bladder cancer and gallbladder and others, accounting for 90.29% of all malignant tumors. Among the top 10 deaths, 75.98% of all cancer deaths were esophageal cancer, lung cancer, tracheobronchial tract, stomach cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, anus, pancreatic cancer, brain and central nervous system tumors, lymphoma, leukemia and gallbladder and others, . The incidence of malignant tumors in the elderly in the city increased with age, reached the peak in the age group of 75 ~, and then decreased with increasing age, the mortality rate reached the peak in the age group of 80 ~. The incidence rates of the elderly in the city from 2009 to 2011 were 882.03 / 100000, 1022.29 / 10 million and 1 136.96 / 100000, respectively, with the incidence increasing over time, χ2 = 220.43, P <0.05; 114.18, P <0.05) and rural areas (χ2 = 111.08, P <0.05) both increased with the passage of time. Mortality rate increased slightly with time, little change, χ2 = 0.74, P> 0.05. Mortality in urban areas increased with time, χ2 = 17.42, P <0.05, while in rural areas, the mortality rate continued to decrease (χ2 = 9.52, P <0.05). Conclusion: The morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors in the elderly in Huaian area are at a high level, and the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors in the elderly should be further strengthened.