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该研究制备了一种与中空圆截面簧丝轴线成±45°铺层的新型复合材料圆柱螺旋压缩弹簧,并对该弹簧进行准静态压缩试验。将纤维复合材料平板的剪切模量等效替代各向同性材料弹簧刚度表达式中的剪切模量,从而理论导出该类复合材料弹簧的刚度表达式。针对该表达式分析影响弹簧刚度的各种因素及其影响程度。结果表明:弹簧的刚度系数随着纤维弹性模量、纤维体积分数、簧丝外直径的增加而急剧增加,随它们的下降而显著下降;基体弹性模量与复合材料泊松比对弹簧刚度的影响十分微小;簧丝内直径在一定范围内变化时对弹簧刚度的影响几乎可以不计,但却能显著降低弹簧质量,超出该范围后,弹簧刚度随内直径增加而急剧下降;刚度系数随弹簧有效圈数和弹簧圈平均直径的增加而剧烈下降,随着它们的下降而急剧增加。
In this study, a new type of composite cylindrical helical compression spring with ± 45 ° lay of hollow circular section wire was prepared and the spring was subjected to quasi-static compression test. The shear modulus of the fiber composite plate is equivalently substituted for the shear modulus in the spring stiffness expression of the isotropic material, and the stiffness expression of the composite spring is derived theoretically. For the expression analysis of various factors affecting the spring stiffness and the degree of influence. The results show that the stiffness coefficient of spring increases sharply with the increase of fiber elastic modulus, fiber volume fraction and outer diameter of spring wire, and decreases remarkably with their decreasing. The elastic modulus of base material and Poisson’s ratio The impact is very small; spring wire diameter changes within a certain range of almost no account of the impact on the spring stiffness, but it can significantly reduce the spring quality beyond which the spring stiffness increases sharply with the increase of the inner diameter; stiffness coefficient with the spring The effective number of turns and the average diameter of the coil decreased sharply, with their sharp decline in the sharp increase.