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高粱花黑穗病(Ustilago Kenjiana Ito)是我国高粱上发生的一种病害,对产量影响轻微。冬孢子萌发适温是25—30℃,在水滴里萌发率最高,最适pH是6.0—6.5。在不同营养液里以酵母汁及花粉汁里萌发率最高,在人工培养基上病菌生长最适温度是25℃,最适pH是5.9.碳源以葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖和果糖里生长最佳。氮源以蛋白胨和天冬素生长最好.菌瘿黑冬孢子变褐后不经休眠即可萌发。冬孢子在室外可存活一年半,在土壤里经一冬便丧失生活力,室内能存活三年.以冬孢子接种土壤和种子均未发病,属于花器局部侵染,当年侵染当年发病的非系统侵染病害.冬孢子在高粱孕穗或尚未开花的小花护颖与外颖缝隙中侵入子房,而不是在开花期或开花后侵入,也不是从柱头、花柱或其它部位侵入,当年尚能重复侵染.
Ustilago Kenjiana Ito is a disease occurring on sorghum in China and has a slight impact on the yield. Winter spore germination suitable temperature is 25-30 ℃, the highest germination rate in water droplets, the optimum pH is 6.0-6.5. The germination rate of yeast juice and pollen juice in different nutrient solution was the highest, the optimal temperature for growth of bacteria on artificial medium was 25 ℃, and the optimum pH was 5.9.The carbon source was grown in glucose, galactose, mannose and fructose optimal. The best nitrogen source is peptone and aspartic hormone, which can germinate without dormancy after browning. Winter spores can survive for one and a half years in the outdoors, lose their viability in the soil through a winter, indoor can survive for three years inoculated with winter spores soil and seed are not disease, belongs to the flower organ local infection, when the year of infection Non-systematic infestation of the disease. Winter spores in sorghum booting or inflorescence has not flowering Ying Ying and outside the gap invades the ovary, rather than in the flowering or after flowering invasion, nor from the stigma, style or other parts of the invasion, when the still Repeated infection.