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皮山绿洲是新疆维吾尔自治区境内古老绿洲之一,县域有大小不等的54块绿洲组成,各绿洲之间由沙漠、砾石戈壁所隔离。以农业为主,工业基础极为薄弱,县境内由于气候极端干旱,发展农业的自然生态环境也很脆弱,全县全靠引水灌溉发展经济,是国家级贫困县之一。该县农业各部门及园艺业仍然停留在传统的大水漫灌状态,水资源浪费和严重缺水成为影响本来很缺水的全县农业和国民经济发展的关键问题。春旱、夏洪所造成的灾害是威胁全县经济发展的主要障碍。改善灌溉条件,实现喷溉、滴灌等节水灌溉技术是该县经济持续发展的有效保障。而探究节水灌溉技术替代传统灌溉方式是带动该县国民经济各行各业更快发展的重要举措。该文在介绍节水灌溉技术的特征和功能基础上,探讨节水灌溉技术在推动皮山县经济发展和合理利用水资源中的积极作用,并提出了实现节水灌溉技术的必要性和有效措施,为该县节水农业的发展提供科学依据。
Pingshan Oasis is one of the ancient oases in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The county consists of 54 oases of different sizes, separated by deserts and gravel gobi. With agriculture as the mainstay, the industrial base is extremely weak. Due to the extremely arid climate in the county, the natural ecological environment for developing agriculture is also very fragile. The county is economically dependent on water diversion irrigation and is one of the national poverty-stricken counties. The various agricultural departments and horticultural industries in the county still remain in the traditional state of flood irrigation. The waste of water resources and severe water shortage have become the key issues affecting the development of agriculture and national economy in the county, which was originally water-scarce. Spring drought, summer flood caused by the disaster is the main obstacle to the county’s economic development. Improve irrigation conditions, to achieve irrigation, drip irrigation and other water-saving irrigation technology is the county’s sustainable economic development effective protection. To explore water-saving irrigation technology to replace traditional irrigation methods is an important measure to promote the county’s economy and all walks of life to develop faster. Based on the introduction of the characteristics and functions of water-saving irrigation technology, this paper discusses the positive effect of water-saving irrigation technology on promoting economic development and rational utilization of water resources in Pishan County and puts forward the necessity and effectiveness of water-saving irrigation technology Measures for the county water-saving agriculture to provide a scientific basis for the development.