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目的分析张掖市麻疹暴发流行特征,并提出相应控制对策,以减少暴发流行发生。方法对2005年张掖市麻疹流行情况、暴发疫情及个案调查资料进行描述流行病学分析,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清IgM抗体。结果全年发生麻疹628例,报告发病率49.54/10万。发生暴发6起,波及5县(区)7个乡镇,发病107例,发病率8.46/10万,发病季节分布在3～5月份,10～19岁中小学生发病居多。无免疫史占1.87%,有免疫史占44.86%,免疫史不详占53.27%。结论为控制麻疹暴发流行,今后必须提高MV复种率;加强冷链运转,提高接种技术,提高常规免疫接种质量和免疫成功率。近期有必要对全市9月龄～14岁儿童开展MV强化免疫。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of measles outbreak in Zhangye City and put forward corresponding control measures to reduce the occurrence of outbreak. Methods Epidemiological analysis of measles epidemic situation, outbreak and case investigation data were conducted in Zhangye city in 2005, and serum IgM antibody was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results A total of 628 measles cases were reported throughout the year, with a reported incidence of 49.54 / 100,000. Outbreak occurred in 6, affecting 5 counties (districts) 7 townships, incidence of 107 cases, the incidence of 8.46 / 100 000, the onset of the season in March to May, 10 to 19 years of primary and secondary school students most of the incidence. No history of immunization accounted for 1.87%, 44.86% had immunization history, history of immunization is unknown 53.27%. Conclusion In order to control the outbreak of measles, we must improve the MV multiplication rate in the future; strengthen the operation of the cold chain, improve vaccination techniques and improve the quality of routine immunization and the success rate of immunization. Recently it is necessary for the city’s 9 months to 14 years old children to carry out MV enhanced immunity.