论文部分内容阅读
张謇(1853-1926),字季直,号啬庵,江苏南通人。世代耕读传家。兄弟五人,排行第四。幼年聪慧好学,3岁启蒙,4岁入塾,5岁时“命背诵千文,竟无伪”。自1874年起,’他先后投身于孙云锦(时任通州知府)、吴长庆(淮军将领)幕下。作为吴的主要幕僚,他参与庆军机要、重要决策和军事行动,深为吴氏赏识。1885年,他赴京参加顺天乡试,高中第二名。1894年,又考中状元。中日甲午战争成为他人生道路的分水岭,深重的民族危机最终促使他毅然放弃传统的仕宦之途。鉴于国弱民贫的现实,张
Zhang 謇 (1853-1926), the word straight quarter, number Sikan, Nantong, Jiangsu. Generations of farming heirlooms. Five brothers, ranking fourth. Childhood smart studious, 3-year-old Enlightenment, 4-year-old private supplementary school, 5 years old “life recite thousands of text, actually no pseudo ”. Since 1874, he has joined the ranks of Sun Yunjin (then Tongzhou prefect) and Wu Changqing (general of the Huai Army). As the chief aide of Wu, Wu participated in the celebration of important and important decision-making and military operations and was deeply appreciated by Wu. In 1885, he went to Beijing to attend Suncheon countryside test, second in high school. In 1894, and test the champion. The Sino-Japanese-Sino-Japanese War of 1894 became a watershed in the path of his life. The deep national crisis eventually led him to abandon the traditional official career. In view of the fact that the country is weak and poverty-stricken, Zhang