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《史记》创造了由本纪、表、书、世家、列传五体有机结合的编纂形式,其内在依据和成功的奥秘,乃在于多维度、多视角、多方位地观察和叙述历史。司马迁著史的目的是冀图令读者明瞭事件发生、演变的年代先后,了解历史变局的因果关系,睹见人物这一历史创造主体的活动和风采,同时又能知晓治理国家和传承文明所依赖的各种典章制度和复杂的社会情状。司马迁在哲理高度和认识本原上,发现、掌握了如何再现客观历史进程的根本要领和途径,这是其杰出创造才能的体现。正因为避免了单线式、单角度的观察,《史记》才为我们展现了华夏民族有史以来全景式的、丰富生动的画卷。运用“多维历史视野”这一新概括,无疑能帮助我们更深刻地理解《史记》何以被称为著史的“极则”。探讨这一课题还具有突出的当下价值,能更加恰当地评价《史记》历史编纂成就对20世纪史家的深远影响。
Shiji has created a compilation of the organic combination of the five forms by the discipline, form, book, family and family. The internal basis and the mystery of success lie in the observation and narration of history in many dimensions, multi-angles and directions. The purpose of Sima Qianzhu history is to make readers understand the events and evolutive times, understand the causal relationship between historical changes, and see the activities and demeanor of historical creators. At the same time, they can also know the reliance on controlling the state and inheriting civilization The various rules and regulations and complex social situations. Sima Qian discovered and mastered the fundamental essentials and ways of how to reproduce the objective historical process at the height of his philosophical understanding and understanding of the origin. This is the embodiment of his outstanding creative ability. Precisely because of avoiding the single-line and single-angle observation, “Historical Records” showed us a panoramic and vivid picture of Huaxia people’s history. The new generalization of “multidimensional historical perspective” can undoubtedly help us to understand more deeply why “historical records” are called “historical records.” The discussion on this topic also has outstanding current value and can more appropriately evaluate the far-reaching impact of the achievements in the compilation of Historical Records on the 20th century historians.