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考古学的产生及发展与西方学术思潮的变化密切相关,在此过程中进化论思想对考古学的影响尤甚。20世纪初中国社会急剧变革,西方学术思想的引进对传统中国学术尤其是历史学产生强烈冲击,并在此背景下萌生了中国考古学。寻找中国文化和文明的源头、探索中国文化的特质、研究中国的历史成为中国早期考古学的使命。
The emergence and development of archeology are closely related to the changes in the academic trend in the West. In this process, the influence of evolutionaryism on archeology is especially serious. In the early 20th century, Chinese society changed dramatically. The introduction of western academic thoughts had a strong impact on the traditional Chinese academic, especially the history. In this context, Chinese archeology was initiated. Looking for the source of Chinese culture and civilization, exploring the qualities of Chinese culture and studying the history of China have become the mission of China’s early archeology.