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在现有的一切动力机中,柴油机热效率最高,在船用大型柴油机中,有的热效率超过45％,并且可以认为在不久的将来小型柴油机的有效热效率也有可能达到60％。这样一来,柴油机是最省能源的热机,与汽油机相比,尽管它具有CO、HC及NOx等有害排放气体较少,的优点,但由于这种发动机尚存在单位体积功率和比重量功率小、噪声大、冒黑烟以及价格昂贵等一些缺点,因此在小汽车领域内的推广却进展缓慢。
Among all the existing power machines, the diesel engines have the highest thermal efficiency. Some of the large marine diesel engines have thermal efficiency over 45%, and the effective thermal efficiency of small diesel engines is also expected to reach 60% in the near future. As a result, the diesel engine is the most energy-efficient heat engine. Compared with the gasoline engine, although it has the advantages of fewer harmful exhaust gases such as CO, HC and NOx, the power consumption per unit volume and the specific weight are still low , Noise, black smoke and expensive shortcomings, the promotion in the field of cars has been slow.