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云南自1902年开始编练新军,但真正推动新军编练工作的是1907年督滇的锡良。锡良赴滇之前即初步确立了练兵为云南施政重点的思想,提出了练成陆军一镇的基本规划,表达了彻底整顿既有新军的决心。他通过沟通央地与求诸他省协济以补练兵经费之不足;以设置督练公所与整顿军纪为抓手强化军事管理;以请求外部支援与内部着力培养相结合解决将弁缺乏难题;以购置军械与修建营舍为重点改善新军装备和规范后勤保障。经过锡良的努力,云南练成新军一镇即第19镇,其武器装备齐整、官兵素质得到提高。但新军的建设也受到诸多因素的制约。其编练模式在新政时期全国练兵大潮中较为特殊,对全国而言并不具有普遍性和借鉴意义。
Yunnan began to train the new army from 1902, but the real promotion of the new army was the 1901 Governor Dian Si-liang. Before Xianyang went to Yunnan, he initially established the idea that military training should be the key point of Yunnan’s administration and put forward the basic plan of training the army into a town. He expressed his determination to completely rectify the existing new army. He tried his best to improve the military management by setting up the superintendent’s office and reorganizing the military discipline. He wanted to solve the problem by combining the request of external support and internal efforts to solve the problem. To purchase ordnance and construction of camps as the focus to improve the new army equipment and standardize logistics support. After Xiliang’s efforts, Yunnan became a town of the new army, the 19th town. Its weapons and equipment were neat and the quality of officers and soldiers improved. However, the construction of the new army is also constrained by many factors. Its mode of training is rather special in the nationwide military training during the New Deal period and is not universal and of reference for the whole country.