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目的了解和掌握江西省2014年土源性线虫病流行现状和变化趋势,评估防治效果,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法按照江西省第3次人体重点寄生虫感染现状调查方案开展调查,以生态区为基础,按照经济条件和地理方位进行分层整群抽样。采用改良加藤厚涂片法开展病原学检查,问卷法调查相关流行因素。结果在全省32个县92个抽样点调查了23 606人,土源性线虫感染1 488人,感染率为6.30%,女性感染率为7.21%,男性为5.35%,女性感染率高于男性(χ2=34.92,P<0.01)。土源性线虫中,钩虫的感染率最高为4.66%,鞭虫和蛔虫感染率分别为0.95%和0.87%。不同年龄组人群感染率随着年龄的增大呈上升趋势,以70岁以上年龄组感染率最高,为14.07%,10~岁年龄组感染率最低,为2.15%。全省4个生态区中浙闽生态区感染率最高,为7.49%,南岭生态区最低,为2.95%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=175.52,P<0.01),湘赣生态区和长江中下游平原区感染率分别为7.23%和6.57%。结论江西省人群土源性线虫感染率呈持续下降趋势,农村女性和老年人是重点防治人群,钩虫是重点防治虫种。
Objective To understand and grasp the epidemic situation and trend of soil-borne nematodes in Jiangxi Province in 2014, evaluate the effect of prevention and cure, and provide the basis for making prevention and cure measures. Methods According to the investigation plan of the 3rd investigation of the status quo of human parasitic infections in Jiangxi Province, stratified cluster sampling was conducted according to the economic conditions and geographical orientation based on the ecological zone. Using improved Kato thick smear method to carry out etiological examination, questionnaire survey related epidemic factors. Results A total of 23 606 people were surveyed at 92 sampling points in 32 counties in the province, with 1 488 soil-borne nematodes infections, the infection rate was 6.30%, the infection rate was 7.21% for women and 5.35% for males, and the prevalence of females was higher than that of males (χ2 = 34.92, P <0.01). Among the soil-borne nematodes, the highest infection rate of hookworm was 4.66%, and the infection rates of whipworm and roundworm were 0.95% and 0.87% respectively. Infection rates among different age groups increased with age, with the highest infection rate of 14.07% in the age group of over 70 years and the lowest infection rate of 2.15% in the 10 ~ age group. The infection rate was the highest in the four ecological zones in Zhejiang, Fujian and Fujian Provinces, accounting for 7.49% and 2.95% respectively in Nanling Ecological Zone (χ2 = 175.52, P <0.01) The infection rates in the middle and lower reaches of the plains were 7.23% and 6.57% respectively. Conclusions The population infection rate of soil-borne nematodes in Jiangxi Province is on a continuous downward trend. Rural women and the elderly are the key prevention and treatment groups. Hookworms are the key pest control species.