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目的培育三倍体灯盏花,并对其重要经济性状进行评估。方法利用秋水仙素诱导获得的灯盏花四倍体植株,与二倍体栽培种杂交获得三倍体灯盏花。用染色体法鉴定灯盏花倍性,大田观察评估三倍体灯盏花形态学特征,HPLC法测定灯盏乙素量。结果四倍体与二倍体杂交成功获得三倍体灯盏花(2n=3x=27);与双亲相比,三倍体灯盏花植株在株高、叶片长、叶片宽、花瓣数、气孔大小上大于二倍体,低于四倍体,但其叶片数和花朵直径均大于双亲;三倍体植株生长旺盛,灯盏乙素质量分数1.38%,介于四倍体(1.51%)和二倍体(1.22%)之间,但其产量显著高出四倍体,为二倍体的2.14倍和四倍体的1.84倍。结论四倍体与二倍体杂交培育的三倍体灯盏花,灯盏乙素量虽然低于四倍体,但显著高于二倍体,综合其产量远远高于二倍体和四倍体的特征,三倍体灯盏花具有重要的生产利用价值。
Objective To cultivate triploid Erigeron breviscapus and assess its important economic traits. Methods The tetraploid plants of Erigeron breviscapus induced by colchicine were crossed with diploid cultivars to obtain triploid Erigeron breviscapus. The ploidy of Breviscapus was identified by chromosome method. The morphological characteristics of triploid Breviscapus were evaluated by field observation and the amount of scutellarin by HPLC. Results Triploid poplar (2n = 3x = 27) was successfully obtained by tetraploid and diploid hybridization. Compared with the parents, triploid Plentiple plants had higher plant height, longer leaves, wider leaves, more petal numbers, Was higher than diploid and tetraploid, but its number of leaves and flower diameter were larger than that of parents. Triploid plants grew vigorously with 1.38% of scutellarin, between tetraploid (1.51%) and double (1.22%), but its yield was significantly higher than that of tetraploids, which was 2.14 times of diploid and 1.84 times of tetraploid. Conclusion Although the content of scutellarin is lower than that of tetraploids, it is significantly higher than that of diploids. The yield of scutellariae is much higher than that of diploid and tetraploid The characteristics of triploid erigeron have important production and use value.