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清真一词直至宋代都与伊斯兰教无关。自元明时期开始被专用于伊斯兰教。清真一词多用于描述清真寺和清真饮食,从清代以来这一用法和概念已经得到系统阐述和普遍接受。《古兰经》中明确提到的禁食物仅猪肉、酒、血、自死物(鱼类除外)等。但非禁食物并非自然为清真。所有肉类都必须是由穆斯林奉安拉之名屠宰的才算是清真,不然与其他禁食物一样。各教法派别亦在界定某些物种为合法食物有所不同,例如虾、蟹及贝类等海产,但多数视之为清真。
The term halal had nothing to do with Islam until the Song Dynasty. Since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties began to be dedicated to Islam. The term halal is often used to describe mosques and halal diets. Since the Qing Dynasty, this usage and concept have been systematically formulated and generally accepted. Prohibited foods specifically mentioned in the Qur’an only include pork, wine, blood and dead animals (except fish). But non-forbidden food is not naturally halal. All meat must be Muslim if it is slaughtered in the name of Allah, otherwise it is the same as other prohibited foods. The various factions also define that certain species are legitimate foods, such as seafood such as shrimp, crab and shellfish, but the majority of them are regarded as halal.