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目的了解安徽省大学生体能发育变化趋势以及参加体育锻炼对体能发育的影响,为增强学生的体能状况提供依据。方法以安徽省参加2005年和2010年全国学生体质健康调研的某大学学生3 536名为研究对象,分析大学生体能发育的变化趋势。对2010年参加调研的大学生使用问卷调查每天平均用于体育锻炼的时间和上体育课时的自我感受强度,比较不同体育锻炼时间和体育课自我感受强度与体能指数(PFI)的关系。结果 2005年与2010年安徽省大学生体能发育状况存在差异。男女生耐力跑、男女生立定跳远、男生50 m跑和女生1 min仰卧起坐成绩2005年均优于2010年;男女生握力、男女生坐位体前屈、男生引体向上和女生50 m跑成绩2010年均优于2005年。体育锻炼时间>2 h的男、女学生体能指数均最高,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论 2005年与2010年安徽省大学生体能发育状况存在明显的变化趋势。随着体育锻炼时间的延长,学生体能发育水平呈增高趋势。
Objective To understand the trend of physical development of undergraduates in Anhui Province and the impact of participating in physical exercises on their physical development so as to provide basis for enhancing their physical condition. Methods A total of 3 536 students from a certain university in Anhui Province who participated in the 2005 and 2010 National Students ’Physical Health Research were selected as the research object to analyze the changing trend of college students’ physical development. The survey of college students in 2010 using the average daily time for physical training and physical education in the self-feeling intensity, physical activity and physical activity compared to the intensity of self-perceived strength and physical fitness index (PFI) relationship. Results There was a difference in physical development between college students in Anhui Province in 2005 and 2010. Male and female endurance run, male and female standing long jump, male 50 m running and female 1 min sit-ups results were better in 2005 than in 2010; male and female students grip strength, male and female sitting body flexion, male pull-ups and girls 50 m run Achievements in 2010 are better than in 2005. The physical indexes of male and female students who had been in physical activity for more than 2 hours were the highest, with significant differences (P <0.01). Conclusion There is a clear trend of physical development in college students in 2005 and 2010 in Anhui Province. With the extension of physical training time, the physical fitness level of students showed an increasing trend.