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本文报告我们对日语和英语为母语的两组留学生习得汉语反身代词“自己”情况的研究。“自己”受长距离约束,具有主语倾向性,这是普遍语法中长距离反身代词的特征。研究发现,在接受“自己”受长距离主语先行词约束方面,日语组明显好于英语组;在判断双宾语句型的测试中,两组学生接受主语先行词明显多于接受宾语先行词,但是两组都在一定程度上接受宾语先行词,而且接受程度一致。这些情况表明普遍语法和母语在不同的方面、在不同的程度上影响第二语言汉语反身代词的习得。
This article reports a case study of the Chinese self-learned Chinese reflexive “self” of two groups of foreign students who are native speakers of Japanese and English. “Self” is bound by long distance and has subject tendencies, which is characteristic of long-range reflexive pronouns in universal grammar. The study found that the Japanese group was significantly better than the English group in accepting “self” as the subject adverbial of long distance subject. In judging the double object sentence pattern, the two groups of students accepted the subject antecedent significantly more than the accepted object antecedent, However, both groups accepted the antecedent of the object to some extent and accepted the same degree. These facts show that universal grammar and mother tongue affect learners’ acquisition of second language Chinese reflexives in different aspects to varying degrees.