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作为煤炭工业城市,阜新市处于经济和社会发展的全面转型中,其城市社会空间结构以及演变特征与国内外通常关注的综合性中心城市的案例均有所不同。利用问卷调查方法获得第一手数据,通过因子分析得到阜新市社会空间结构的5个主因子,即贫困人口、“体制内”就业人员、(原)矿业人口、私营及个体从业者以及棚户区及老旧住宅居民等;利用改进的区位商方法结合GIS制图,展示了5个主因子的空间集聚状况;采用聚类分析方法提取出“体制内”就业人员聚集区、原矿业人口他转移地区、原矿业人口自转移地区(私营及个体从业者聚集区)、待改造棚户区、贫困人口高度集中区等5类社会区;最后根据这5类社会区的空间分布特征,抽象出了转型中阜新市社会空间结构的简化模型。探讨了阜新市社会空间结构的形成机理,认为原矿业人口的转移、铁路的分隔作用、资源开发的阶段性、资源枯竭型城市经济转型、煤炭城市特殊的生态环境问题、职业分化的体制因素等是促使阜新市独特社会空间结构形成的重要因素。
As a coal industrial city, Fuxin City is in a complete transition of economy and social development. Its urban social spatial structure and evolvement characteristics are different from the cases of comprehensive central cities that are generally concerned both at home and abroad. First-hand data were obtained by means of questionnaire survey. Five main factors of social space structure in Fuxin were obtained through factor analysis, namely, poor population, employees within the “system”, (former) mining population, private and individual practitioners and Shantytowns and old residential residents; using the improved location quotient method combined with GIS cartography to show the spatial aggregation of the five main factors; using cluster analysis method to extract the “intra-institutional” employment personnel gathering area, the original mining industry The population He transferred areas, the original mining population from the transfer area (private and individual practitioners gathering area), pending the transformation of shantytowns, high concentration of poverty-stricken areas and other five types of social areas; Finally, according to the five types of social areas of the spatial distribution characteristics, abstraction A Simplified Model of Social Spatial Structure in Fuxin City during the Transition. The formation mechanism of social spatial structure in Fuxin is discussed. It is considered that the transfer of the original mining population, the segregation of railway, the stage of resource development, the economic transformation of resource-exhausted cities, the special eco-environmental problems of coal cities and the institutional factors of occupational differentiation Is to promote the formation of a unique social space in Fuxin City, an important factor in the formation of space.