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为了解慢性阻塞性肺病（ＣＯＰＤ）急性发作患者呼吸道感染的病原菌及耐药情况，对我院１９９１～１９９５年９０８例ＣＯＰＤ住院患者的痰培养结果进行分析。结果：从４９４例ＣＯＰＤ患者痰标本中分离出７４４株细菌，主要为革兰氏阴性菌（８０％），其中铜绿假单胞菌占２２．８％，克雷伯氏菌属占２１．１％。革兰氏阳性菌中主要为金葡球菌（１２．６％）。药敏分析发现，金葡球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、红霉素的耐药率达７０．５％、５３．５％和７３．５％。假单胞菌属、克雷伯氏菌属、肠杆菌科细菌对氨苄西林的耐药率超过９０％，对头孢唑林的耐药率分别达８７．９％、１４．８％和６５．５％。结果提示：ＣＯＰＤ患者呼吸道感染的病原菌以革兰氏阴性菌为主，需有效、合理地选用抗生素。
To understand the pathogens and drug resistance of respiratory tract infections in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the sputum culture results of 908 COPD inpatients in our hospital from 1991 to 1995 were analyzed. Results: 744 strains of bacteria were isolated from sputum specimens of 494 COPD patients, mainly Gram-negative bacteria (80%), of which Pseudomonas aeruginosa accounted for 22.8% and Klebsiella species accounted for 21.1 %. Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (12.6%). Drug susceptibility analysis found that Staphylococcus aureus penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin resistance rates of 70.5%, 53.5% and 73.5%. The resistance rates of Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Enterobacteriaceae to ampicillin were more than 90% and the rates of resistance to cefazolin were 87.9%, 14.8% and 65%, respectively. 5%. The results suggest that the pathogens of respiratory tract infection in COPD patients are Gram-negative bacteria, and antibiotics should be selected effectively and rationally.