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一在日本资本主义发展史研究中,关于商业资本如何向产业资本转化的问题是一个争论已久且尚未完全解决的重要问题。传统的观点认为:经济发展后进国家在从前资本主义社会向近代资本主义社会过渡的过程中,大量存在的前期性资本(商人资本、高利贷资本)和商人集团从本质上来说是保守和反动的。它们与旧领主经济和封建国家权力之间有着千丝万缕的联系,很难转化为近代的产业资本。具有前期性质的商人集团只有在资本主义的国家权力基本确立、投资的收益性和长期性得到基本的保证之后,在国家权力的强力干涉和政策引导下,它们才会放心地将自己的资金
In the study of the history of Japan’s capitalist development, the issue of how commercial capital is transformed into industrial capital is an important issue that has long been debated and not yet fully resolved. The traditional view is that: during the transition from the former capitalist society to the modern capitalist society, the advanced capital (merchant’s capital, loan-interest capital) and the trader’s group, which are abundant, are essentially conservative and reactionary. They are inextricably linked with the economy of the old lords and the power of the feudal nation, making it difficult to transform them into modern industrial capital. Only when the power of the capitalist state is basically established and the profitability and long-term investment get the basic guarantee, the pre-existing merchant group will be assured of their own funds under the guidance of state power and policy intervention