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目的:分析急性脑卒中患者肺部感染的危险因素,为采取有效地防治措施提供参考。方法:采用回顾性分析法,选取2013年1月—2016年12月期间神经外科、神经内科收治的脑卒中患者530例的临床资料,将经痰培养结果被确诊为医院获得性肺炎患者50例纳入肺炎组,其余480例患者纳入对照组;分析急性脑卒中患者肺部感染的危险因素。结果:530例患者中,并发医院获得性肺炎50例;经多因素Logistic回归分析结果示,患者年龄>75岁、合并肺间质疾病、重度脑卒中、机械通气时间>7 d,以及导管处皮肤感染与并发水电解质酸碱失衡为独立影响因素,经组间比较其差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:脑血管意外并发肺部感染的危险因素较多,临床应做好对原发肺部疾病的管理,尤其应关注高危人群,并预防导管处皮肤感染、水电解质酸碱失衡等并发症的发生。
Objective: To analyze the risk factors of pulmonary infection in acute stroke patients and provide reference for effective prevention and treatment measures. Methods: A retrospective analysis method was used to select the clinical data of 530 stroke patients admitted to Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology from January 2013 to December 2016. The results of sputum culture were confirmed as 50 cases of hospital acquired pneumonia Into the pneumonia group, the remaining 480 patients were included in the control group; analysis of acute stroke patients with pulmonary infection risk factors. Results: Among the 530 patients, 50 cases were complicated with hospital-acquired pneumonia. According to multivariate Logistic regression analysis, the patients were 75 years of age with pulmonary interstitial disease, severe stroke, mechanical ventilation> 7 days, Skin infection and concurrent water and electrolyte acid-base imbalance as independent factors, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions: There are many risk factors for cerebrovascular accident complicated with pulmonary infection. Clinics should do well management of primary pulmonary diseases, especially those at high risk, and prevent complications such as dermal infections at catheterization and acid-base imbalance of water and electrolyte occur.