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安徽省是全国水稻主要产区之一,正常年份,水稻播种面积占全省粮食总面积的40%,产量占粮食总产量的60%左右。我国目前有稻田约3.8亿亩,占全国耕地面积26%左右,产量占粮食总产量的45%左右。故无论安徽或是全国,水稻在粮食生产中均占有重要地位。现在我国水稻的高产水平,单季稻可达600公斤/亩以上,双季稻两季之和可达1000公斤/亩以上,而大面积上的实际产量水平,一般仅能达到高产水平的50%左右,因此,我省及全国增加水稻单产的潜力很大。在各种作物中,水稻的耗水量及灌溉定额最大,许多旱作物在南方不需要灌溉,但水稻在全国任何地方均需灌溉。故在安徽及我国南方,水稻灌溉节水是农业节水的关键,研究水稻增产、节水的灌溉方式,对安徽省乃至全国的
Anhui Province is one of the major rice producing areas in the country. In normal years, the sown area of rice accounts for 40% of the total area of grain in the province and the output accounts for about 60% of the total grain output. At present, China has about 380 million mu of paddy fields, accounting for about 26% of the country’s arable land, and its output accounts for about 45% of the total grain output. Therefore, no matter Anhui or the whole country, rice occupies an important position in grain production. Now the output level of rice in China is up to 600 kg / mu for single-season rice and up to 1,000 kg / yr for two-season rice. However, the actual output of large-scale rice can only reach about 50% Therefore, our province and the country have great potential for increasing rice yield. Among various crops, rice has the largest water consumption and irrigation quota, and many dry crops do not need irrigation in the south, but rice is irrigated anywhere in the country. Therefore, in Anhui and southern China, rice irrigation is the key to saving water in agriculture. The key is to study the irrigation methods for rice yield increase and water saving.